Learning Modules Hide
- Chapter 1: Introduction to Derivatives
- Chapter 2: Futures and Forwards: Know the basics – Part 1
- Chapter 3: Futures and Forwards: Know the basics – Part 2
- Chapter 4 - Introduction to Futures
- Chapter 5: Futures Terminology
- Chapter 6 – Futures Trading – Part 1
- Chapter 7 – Futures Trading – Part 2
- Chapter 8: Advanced Concepts in Futures
- Chapter 9: Participants in the Futures Market
- Chapter 1: Introduction to Derivatives
- Chapter 2: Introduction to Options
- Chapter 3: Options Terminology
- Chapter 4: Options Trading – Long Call (Call Buyer)
- Chapter 5: Options Trading – Short Call (Call Seller)
- Chapter 6: Options Trading – Long Put (Put Buyer)
- Chapter 7: Options Trading – Short Put (Put Seller)
- Chapter 8: Options Summary
- Chapter 9: Advanced Concepts in Options – Part 1
- Chapter 10: Advanced Concepts in Options – Part 2
- Chapter 11: Option Greeks – Part 1
- Chapter 12: Option Greeks – Part 2
- Chapter 13: Option Greeks – Part 3
- Chapter 1: Orientation on Option Strategies
- Chapter 2: Bull Call Spread
- Chapter 3: Bull Put Spread
- Chapter 4: Covered Call
- Chapter 5: Bear Call Spread
- Chapter 6: Bear Put Spread
- Chapter 7: Covered Put
- Chapter 8: Long Call Butterfly
- Chapter 9: Short Straddle
- Chapter 10: Short Strangle
- Chapter 11: Iron Condor
- Chapter 12: Long Straddle
- Chapter 13: Long Strangle
- Chapter 14: Short Call Butterfly
- Chapter 15: Protective Put
- Chapter 16: Protective Call
- Chapter 17: Delta Hedging
Chapter 15: Protective Put
Simran, Abhinav’s manager, asks for his opinion to deal with a particular query that she has. She asks him to suggest a strategy that would protect from loss on a long delivery position. After giving it some thought, Abhinav suggests a Protective Put.
Do you remember?
Hedging is a tool to reduce risk in financial transactions.
Protective Put
A Protective Put is a strategy to safeguard against losses from a long position in a stock. This strategy involves a long position in stocks and buying an OTM Put on the stock. The Put Option safeguards you from a loss on a long delivery position.
- This will work as an insurance or stop loss against your open long position in a stock.
- A Protective Put strategy will help you hedge your long position.
Strategy: Long position in the stock (you own the stock) + long OTM Put Option
When to use: When you are bullish on the underlying but want to protect downside risk
Breakeven: Stock price + Premium paid on a Put Option
Maximum profit: Unlimited, (Stock closing price – Premium paid)
Did you know? Protective Put strategy is also known as Married Put if you buy a stock and put at the same time. |
Maximum risk: Stock price – Strike price of the Put Option + Premium paid
Let us understand this with an example:
Let’s assume Simran instructs Abhinav to enter a Protective Put on ABC Ltd. She wants to hedge against possible losses. Assume that the spot price of ABC Ltd. is Rs. 1,000. Abhinav buys an ABC Ltd. OTM Put Option at a strike price of Rs. 900 at Rs. 50. He pays a total premium of Rs. 50 and the breakeven point in this case will be Rs. 1,000 + Rs. 50 = Rs. 1,050. The maximum profit could be unlimited, as the stock price can move to any level. The maximum risk in this position will be Rs. 1,000 – Rs. 900 + Rs. 50 = Rs. 150.
Let’s look at the cash flow in the various scenarios:
Let us understand the payoff in various scenarios. It will give you a fair idea of how we have arrived at the above values.
If the stock closes at Rs. 800 on expiry: The long Put Option will expire ITM
The purchase price of the stock = Rs. 1000
The selling price of the stock on expiry = Rs. 800
So, the payoff from the spot position = Selling price – Purchase price = 800 – 1000 = – Rs. 200
Premium paid on the OTM Put Option of strike price Rs.900 = Rs. 50
Premium received on OTM Put Option of strike price Rs. 900 at expiry = Max {0, (Strike price – Spot price)} = Max {0, (900 – 800)} = Max (0, 100) = Rs.100
So, the payoff from the OTM Put Option = Premium received – Premium paid = 100 – 50 = Rs. 50
Net Payoff = Payoff from the spot position + Payoff from OTM Put Option = (– 200) + 50 = – Rs. 150
If the Stock closes at Rs. 1050 on expiry: The long Put Option will expire OTM
The purchase price of the stock = Rs. 1000
The selling price of the stock on expiry = Rs. 1050
So, the payoff from the spot position = Selling price – Purchase price = 1050 – 1000 = Rs. 50
Premium paid on the OTM Put Option of strike price Rs. 900 = Rs. 50
Premium received on OTM Put Option of strike price Rs. 900 at expiry = Max {0, (Strike price – Spot price)} = Max {0, (900 – 1050)} = Max (0, – 150) = 0
So, the payoff from the OTM Put Option = Premium received – Premium paid = 0 – 50 = – Rs. 50
Net Payoff = Payoff from the spot position + Payoff from OTM Put Option = 50 + (– 50) = 0
If the stock closes at Rs. 1200 on expiry: The long Put Option will expire OTM
The purchase price of the stock = Rs. 1000
The selling price of the stock on expiry = Rs. 1200
So, the payoff from the spot position = Selling price – Purchase price = 1200 – 1000 = Rs. 200
Premium paid on the OTM Put Option of strike price Rs.900 = Rs. 50
Premium received on OTM Put Option of strike price Rs. 900 at expiry = Max {0, (Strike price – Spot price)} = Max {0, (900 – 1200)} = Max (0, – 300) = 0
So, the payoff from the OTM Put Option = Premium received – Premium paid = 0 – 50 = – Rs. 50
Net payoff = Payoff from the spot position + Payoff from OTM Put Option = 200 + (– 50) = Rs. 150
Additional Read: Five key parameters to look for before buying an option
Summary
- Hedging is a tool to reduce risk in financial transactions.
- A Protective Put is a strategy to safeguard against losses from a long position in a stock.
- This strategy involves a long position in stocks and buying an OTM Put on the stock.
- Breakeven: Stock price + Premium paid on a Put Option
- Maximum profit: Unlimited, (Stock closing price – Premium paid)
- Maximum risk: Stock price – Strike price of the Put Option + Premium paid
We are now familiar with the aspects of a Protective Put strategy. In the next chapter, we will read about a hedging strategy – the Protective Call.
Disclaimer:
ICICI Securities Ltd. (I-Sec). Registered office of I-Sec is at ICICI Securities Ltd. - ICICI Venture House, Appasaheb Marathe Marg, Prabhadevi, Mumbai - 400 025, India, Tel No : 022 - 2288 2460, 022 - 2288 2470. The contents herein above shall not be considered as an invitation or persuasion to trade or invest. I-Sec and affiliates accept no liabilities for any loss or damage of any kind arising out of any actions taken in reliance thereon. The contents herein above are solely for informational purpose and may not be used or considered as an offer document or solicitation of offer to buy or sell or subscribe for securities or other financial instruments or any other product. Investments in securities market are subject to market risks, read all the related documents carefully before investing. The contents herein mentioned are solely for informational and educational purpose.
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